نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم رفتاری، شناختی و فناوری ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی ، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران
2 گروه علوم رفتاری، شناختی و فناوری ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی ، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران
3 استاد دانشکده و پژوهشکده علوم اجتماعی و فرهنگی، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of two observational learning strategies—a peer learning model and positive self-review (self-modeling)—on the front crawl swimming speed of semi-skilled boy swimmers.
Methods: Twenty-four semi-skilled boys (aged 10 ± 2 years) were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (n = 8 per group): self-modeling, peer learning model, and a physical practice-only control group. The intervention consisted of six training sessions (10 trials per session). The self-modeling group viewed videos of their own best previous performances, while the learning-model group observed the best performance of a peer. The control group performed physical practice without any video intervention. Swimming speed was measured during pretest, retention (48 hours post-intervention), and transfer (33-meter distance) phases. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA.
Results: Descriptive statistics showed a reduction in swimming times across all three groups from pretest to the retention and transfer phases. However, the repeated-measures ANOVA indicated no statistically significant differences between the groups (F(4,42)=0.429,p>0.05,η2=0.039F(4, 42) = 0.429, p > 0.05, \eta^2 = 0.039F(4,42)=0.429,p>0.05,η2=0.039). While all groups improved their performance over time, neither self-modeling nor the peer learning model provided a significant advantage over physical practice alone.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that for young, semi-skilled swimmers, the addition of observational learning interventions does not significantly enhance swimming speed beyond the gains achieved through structured physical practice. This may be due to developmental constraints in processing complex observational information at this age. Coaches should prioritize well-structured physical training for this demographic.
کلیدواژهها [English]