تأثیر تمرینات در آب، خشکی و ترکیبی بر عملکرد، تعادل و ترس از سقوط زنان سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی ، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 دکترای رفتار حرکتی، پردیس بین المللی کیش، دانشگاه تهران، کیش، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه تأثیر تمرینات در آب، خشکی و ترکیبی بر عملکرد، تعادل و ترس از سقوط زنان سالمند بود.
روش­ها: 48 نفر از سالمندان زن در دامنه سنی 61 تا 70 سال  از میان سالمندان زن شهرستان کرج به صورت دردسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل گمارده شدند. به منظور جمع آموری داده ها از پرسشنامه ترس از افتادن و آزمون های تعادل برگ و برخاستن و راه رفتن زمان دار استفاده شد. طول مدت تمرین هشت هفته و هر هفته سه جلسه 60 دقیقه ای (18 جلسه) بود. از روش های آماری کولموگروف – اسمیرنوف، آزمون تی همبسته، تحلیل واریانس یک سویه و آزمون تعقیبی دانکن در سطح معنی داری کمتر از پنج صدم استفاده شد.
یافته­ها: نتایج نشان داد هشت هفته تمرینات در آب، در خشکی و ترکیب آب – خشکی بر تمامی شاخص های مورد مطالعه تاثیر معنی داری دارد و سبب بهبود عملکرد نظر شده است (05/0P<).  همچنین یافته ها نشان داد بین تأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات منتخب در آب، خشکی و ترکیب آب – خشکی بر آزمون های عملکردی، تعادل و ترس از افتادن زنان سالمند تفاوت معنی داری با برتری  گروه تمرین ترکیبی  وجود داشت (05/0P<).
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به اثربخشی روش تمرین ترکیبی به سالمندان توصیه می شود به منظور بهبود تعادل و شاخص روانی ترس از افتادن بر تمرینات ترکیبی  تاکید بیشتری داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Aquatic, Land and Combined based Exercises on Performance, Balance and Fear of Falling in Elderly Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyede Tahere MousaviRad 1
  • Nazanin Bakhtpour 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sports Management, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D in Motor Behaviour, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of aquatic, land, and combined based exercises on performance, balance, and fear of falling in elderly women.
Methods: Forty-eight elderly women aged 61 to 70 years were selected from the elderly population of Karaj city and randomly divided into 4 experimental and control groups. Data was collected using the International Falls Efficacy Scale, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Berg Balance Scale. The training lasted eight weeks, with three 60-minute sessions per week (18 sessions). Statistical methods such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, correlated t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Duncan's post hoc test were used to analyze the data (P<0.05).
Results: The findings indicated that eight weeks of training in water, on land, and a combination of both had a significant effect on all the studied indicators, resulting in improved performance (P<0.05). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the effects of the selected exercises on functional tests, balance, and fear of falling in elderly women, with the combined exercise group showing superiority (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the effectiveness of the exercise methods, it is recommended that elderly individuals focus more on combined exercises to enhance balance and reduce the fear of falling.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquatic Based Exercise
  • Functional Exercise
  • Balance
  • Fear of Falling
  • Elderly

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روانشناسی ورزش
دوره 16، شماره 2
1403
صفحه 263-277

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 اسفند 1402

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