تأثیر خودالگودهی، الگوی ماهر و الگوی در حال یادگیری بر اکتساب و یادداری مهارت پات گلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی- دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی

2 استاد دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی

3 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی- پژوهشکده علوم شناختی و مغز

چکیده

هدف این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر خودالگودهی، الگوی ماهر و الگوی در حال یادگیری بر اکتساب و یادداری مهارت پات گلف بود. از بین دانشجویان داوطلب، 45 نفر انتخاب و در 3 گروه خودالگودهی، الگوی ماهر و الگوی در حال یادگیری جایگزین شدند. شرکت‎کنندگان بعد از پیش‎آزمون، 6 جلسه و هر جلسه 6 بلوک 10 کوششی، مهارت پات گلف را تمرین کردند و قبل از هر بلوک تمرینی، 10 بار مهارت پات گلف مختص گروه خود را به شکل ویدئویی مشاهده می‎کردند. آخرین بلوک آخرین جلسه اکتساب به عنوان آزمون اکتساب در نظر گرفته شد و 48 ساعت بعد آزمون یادداری به عمل آمد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس مرکب نشان داد که هر سه گروه در یادگیری مهارت مورد نظر از مرحله پیش‎آزمون تا آزمون اکتساب پیشرفت داشتند و این پیشرفت تا مرحله آزمون یادداری تا حدودی پایدار بود. همچنین، هم در مرحله اکتساب و هم در مرحله یادداری، گروه خودالگودهی نسبت به دو گروه دیگر عملکرد بهتری داشت، ولی تفاوت معنی‎داری بین گروه‎های الگوی ماهر و الگوی در حال یادگیری وجود نداشت. بر اساس این نتایج، در یادگیری مهارتی همچون پات گلف، تأثیر نوع الگو بر یادگیری بسیار مهم می‎باشد و از مزایای شباهتِ ذکر شده در نظریه بَندورا سود می‎برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Self-modeling, Skilled Model and Learning Model on Golf Putting Acquisition and Retention

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramin Ashraf 1
  • Behrouz Abdoli 2
  • Reza Khosrowabadi 3
  • Alireza Farsi 1
1 , Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of self-modelling, skilled model, and learning model on the acquisition and retention of golf putting skill.
Methods: Forty-five students who volunteered to participate were selected and divided into three groups: self-modelling, skilled model, and learning model. After completing the pretest, participants engaged in six practice sessions, each consisting of six blocks of 10 trials. Prior to each training block, participants watched a video of their respective group's golf putting 10 times. The retention test was conducted 48 hours later.
Results: A mixed ANOVA with repeated measures demonstrated that all three groups made significant progress in learning the desired skill from the pre-test to the acquisition test. This progress remained somewhat stable until the retention test. Additionally, both the acquisition and retention phases showed that the self-modeling group performed better than the other two groups. However, there was no significant difference between these groups.
Conclusion: Based on these results, the type of model used in learning skills such as golf putting has a highly significant effect. Therefore, learning golf putting can benefit from the similarities mentioned in Bandura's theory.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Motor learning
  • Observational learning
  • Modeling
  • Similarity

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روانشناسی ورزش
دوره 15، شماره 1
1402
صفحه 155-166

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 تیر 1400

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