Abstract:

Purpose: The aim of the current research was to investigate the effect of a linear and non-linear karate training course on the perceptual, attentional and motivational aspects of karate boys.

Methods: For this purpose, 24 beginner karate kai were selected as available and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Both groups trained according to their training protocol for 12 weeks and 3 sessions every week. Before and after the training course, the tests including visual search, spatial cueing and behavioral regulations were examined.

Results: The results of the research using analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that linear training had improved the visual search (in simple to medium test conditions, 0.001 ≤p≤0.05) and spatial cueing (0.02≤p≤0.04). Also, the results showed an increase in intrinsic (p= 0.03) and integrated motivation (p= 0.02) as a result of non-linear training. In addition, non-linear training was better than linear training in the most difficult conditions of the visual search test.

Conclusion: Non-linear training will be better than linear training in the condition of high complexity. The results were explained by using the theory of disproportion, as well as the theory of information processing in linear education and dynamic systems in non-linear education, and finally, the theory of organismic integration and the theory of self-determination.