Purpose: Modeling of observation-based training provides a method for beginners who can prepare to acquire different skills and perform tasks under pressure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of observational learning with gaze guidance on the performance of basketball free throws in novices.

Methods: A sample of 24 participants with a mean age of 26.37 ± 3.12 were randomly divided into two observation groups, one with gaze guidance and one without, along with physical training. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to assess the participants' visual search model and basketball free-throw skills. The participants underwent five consecutive days of observational learning with and without gaze guidance, followed by physical training. The eye tracking data were analyzed using a mixed ANOVA of 2 (group) x 3 (measurement stage) at a significance level of 0.05.

Results: It indicated that the group with gaze guidance during observational learning performed better, as evidenced by a lower number of fixations, longer fixation duration, and improved performance compared to the group without gaze guidance.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that gaze guidance is crucial for effective observational learning in motor skills, as individuals may not fully comprehend information-rich areas without guidance.