Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Self-Compassion Therapy on the sport success of shooters.

Methods: A semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and a control group was used. The statistical population included female shooters aged 20 to 35 years, using competitive air guns in Isfahan. Participants were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 19) or the control group (n = 18) using an available sampling method. The experimental group received the Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) treatment protocol based on Neff and Germer’s model over nine sessions. The research instrument was the Sport Success Scale (SSS). To analyze the data, Levene’s test and tests for homogeneity of regression slopes were used to assess assumptions, and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) was conducted to examine effectiveness at a significance level of 0.05.

Results: Self-Compassion Therapy had a significant effect on the total sport success score and all subscales (Flow State, Attention, Technique, Commitment, Progress) among shooters (P < 0.05). However, no significant effect was observed on Sensitivity to Error (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Mindful Self-Compassion Therapy can be considered an effective intervention for enhancing sport success in shooters.