مقایسه تاثیر بازی‌های حرکتی هدفمند بر خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت شرکت در فعالیت حرکتی در دختران و پسران پیش دبستانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران. ایران.

2 گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

هدف: خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت بخشی دو سازه مهم در نظریه­های انگیزشی فعالیت بدنی انسان می­باشند که در این تحقیق روی کودکان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه تاثیر بازی­های حرکتی هدفمند بر خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت شرکت در فعالیت حرکتی در دختران و پسران پیش­دبستانی انجام شد.
روش‌ها: مطالعه نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون و تعداد 42 کودک 4 تا 6 ساله در دو گروه بازی‌های حرکتی هدفمند (10 پسر و 10 دختر) و گروه فعالیت معمول (10 پسر و 12 دختر) انجام گرفت. شرکت کنندگان به روش داوطلبانه انتخاب و به شکل تصادفی در گروه­ها توزیع شدند. اطلاعات با استفاده از مقیاس خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت بخشی از فعالیت بدنی کودکان استخراج شدند.
نتایج: در پیش آزمون به شکل معنا­داری دختران هر دو گروه، خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت بخشی کمتری نسبت به پسران داشتند. بعد از شش ماه مداخله تنها در گروه بازی­های حرکتی هدفمند افزایش معناداری در میانگین نمرات خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت بخشی مشاهده شد اما همچنان در پس آزمون میانگین نمرات پسران بیشتر از دختران بود (01/0> P).
نتیجه گیری: شرکت در کلاس بازی‌های حرکتی که به شکل هدفمند برای کودکان تدوین شده و توسط متخصصان اجرا می­شود، باعث افزایش خودکارآمدی بدنی و لذت بخشی در هر دو جنس می­شود اما صرفا این مداخله برای رفع اختلاف بین دختران و پسران کافی به نظر نمی‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effect of Purposeful Movement Plays on Physical Self-Efficacy and Enjoyment of Motor Activity in Preschool Girls and Boys

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan kordi 1
  • Hasan Khalaji 2
1 1. Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Research Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran. Iran.
2 Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak,Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: Physical self-efficacy and enjoyment are two important constructs in the motivational theories of sport and human physical activity that were studied on children in this study. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of purposeful movement plays on physical self-efficacy and enjoyment of motor activity in preschool girls and boys.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and 42 children aged 4 to 6 years in two groups of purposeful physical plays (10 boys, 10 girls) and ordinary activity (10 boys, 12 girls) was done. Participants were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into two groups. Data were extracted using a physical self-efficacy scale and enjoyment of the physical activity.
Results: Girls had significantly less physical self-efficacy and enjoyment than boys in the pre-test. Despite a significant increase in post-test scores compared to pre-test in the group of purposeful physical Plays, but still, a significant difference in favor of boys was observed in this group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Participation in physical play classes that are purposefully designed for children and performed by experts, increases physical self-efficacy and enjoyment of both gender but does not seem to be enough to resolve the difference between girls and boys.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Motivation
  • Child’s Play
  • Boys and Girls
  • Motor Skills

مراجع

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روانشناسی ورزش
دوره 14، شماره 2
1401
صفحه 130-121

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 بهمن 1400

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