The effect of play at home (proposed by UNICEF) and metacognitive strategies on the health of children aged 5 to 8 years in the Corona pandemic

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Sports Science- Qom University - Qom- Iran PhD student in Motor Learning, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran- Tehran- Iran

2 Associate professor Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of play at home, as proposed by UNICEF, and metacognitive strategies on the health of children aged 5 to 8 years during the Corona pandemic.
Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental intervention design, with a pretest and posttest control group. The participants were 84 children living in Qom, who were randomly divided into 6 groups. There were two age groups, each consisting of three groups: UNICEF, UNICEF Plus, and a control group. The intervention involved 18 sessions of UNICEF-proposed quadruple games. The UNICEF Plus group also engaged in a semi-structured interview to stimulate metacognition.
Results: The results of the Mixed ANOVA and ANCOVA tests indicated that most of the training groups showed a significant improvement in health test results from pretest to posttest. However, the ANCOVA test did not reveal any significant difference between the UNICEF and UNICEF Plus groups in the two age groups; despite the UNICEF Plus group scoring better than the UNICEF group in both age groups.
Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that the exercises recommended by UNICEF were effective in promoting children's health. Although the combination of these exercises with metacognitive strategies did not meet expectations, there was a slight improvement in children's health favoring the combined exercises.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Golzarpour M, GhaedAmini Harouni G, Vameghi M, Sajjadi H, Tavangar F. Validity and reliability of Persian version of children's health-related quality of life. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 8(3): 447-459. In Persian 18869/acadpub.jnkums.8.3.447
  2. Alipour A, Yaseri M, Maheri A, Garmaroudi GR. Health-related quality of life of high school students in Tehran, Iran. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research. 2017; 14(4): 57-72. In Persian
  3. Ghaempanah Z, Azadfallah P, Kazemzade Tabatabaei SR. Psychometric and normative indicators of the Persian version of the Child Health Questionnaire. J Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. 2013; 17(7): 431-41. In Persian
  4. Kaedi R, Roumani S. The role of play in children's development (cognition and awareness, self-esteem, emotional, creativity, ethics. National Conference on New Research in Psychology and Social Sciences; Tehran, 2016. In Persian
  5. Roach L, Keats M. Skill-based and planned active play versus free-play effects on fundamental movement skills in preschoolers. Perceptual and motor skills. 2018, 125(4): 651-668. 1177/0031512518773281
  6. Arabi M, Saberi A, Mirhosseini M. The Effect of balance exercises on the sustained attention in boys7-10 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Kerman. Sports Psychology, 2021, 103-115. In Persian 48308/mbsp.6.2.103
  7. Zargham M, Shakib Z, Rezaei F. The effectiveness of aerobic exercise on depression, anxiety, life orientation and happiness of mothers with children with ADHD. Sports Psychology. 2019, 3(2); 79-90. In Persian 48308/mbsp.3.2.79
  8. Muijs D, Bokhove C. Metacognition and Self-Regulation: Evidence Review. Education Endowment Foundation. 2020,
  9. Settanni M, Magistro D, Rabaglietti E. Development and preliminary validation of an instrument to measure metacognitionapplied to physical activity during early adolescence. 2012, 67-87.

 

 

 

 

  1. Kim B, Park H, Baek Y. Not just fun, but serious strategies: Using meta-cognitive strategies in game-based learning. Computers & Education. 2009, 52(4): 800-810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2008.12.004  
  2. Chatzipanteli A, Digelidis N. The influence of metacognitive prompting on students’ performance in a motor skills test in physical education. International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering. 2011, 5(2): 80-93.
  3. Moshiri P, Rahavi R. The effect of teaching metacognitive strategies on discrete skill learning. The second national conference on new achievements in physical education and sport; Chabahar University, 2016. In Persian
  4. Cleary TJ, Zimmerman BJ, Keating T. Training physical education students to self-regulate during basketball free throw practice. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 2006, 77(2): 252-62. 1080/02701367.2006.10599358
  5. Chen X, Sekine M, Hamanishi S, Wang H, Gaina A, Yamagami T, et al. Lifestyles and health-related quality of life in Japanese school children: a cross-sectional study. 2005, 40(6): 668-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.034
  6. Adili S, Mirzaie RR, Abedi A. The effectiveness of filial therapy on the quality of parent-child interactions and health-related quality of life in children with behavioral/emotional problems. Journal of Exceptional Children. 2019, 19(1): 59-70. In Persian 1001.1.16826612.1398.19.1.6.0
  7. Ghiami Rad A, Hassanpour V, Aghdasi MT. The effect of playing in a virtual environment on coronary anxiety in children of parents with Covid-19. Sports Psychology. 2022; 45-56. In Persian 48308/mbsp.2021.220399.1005
  8. Panahi S, Yunus M, Roslan S, Kadir RA, Jaafar WMW, Panahi M. Predictors of Psychological Well-Being among Malaysian Graduates. European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 2016; 186-194. 15405/ejsbs.186
  9. Wang J, Cadmus-Bertram L, Natarajan L, White M, Madanat H, Nichols J, Ayala G, Pierce J. Wearable sensor/device (fitbit one) and sms text-messaging prompts to increase physical activity in overweight and obese adults: a randomized controlled trial. Telemed J E Health. 2015; 21(10):782-92. 1089/tmj.2014.0176.
  10. Faílde-Garrido J, Ruiz Soriano L, Simón M. Levels of physical activity and their relationship with motivational determinants, self-regulation, and other health-related parameters in university students. Psychol Rep. 2022, 125(4):1874-1895. 1177/00332941211005116
  11. Liau AK, Neihart M, Teo CT, Goh LS, Chew PJC, Networking S. A Quasi-experimental study of a fitbit-based self-regulation intervention to improve physical activity, well-being, and mental health. 2018; 21(11): 727-34.

https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0502

  1. Alikhani K, Rostami R, Alborzi M. The effect of creative movement games on the fundamental motor skills of 4-6 years old children. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities of Shiraz University. 2019, 10(2): 219-37. In Persian
  2. Soltani H, Sadeghian MR, Samadi H. The effect of exergame and traditional games on the development of fundamental movement skills in children with developmental motor delay of 7-9 years old. Journal of Motor and Behavioral Sciences. 2018, 1: 245-253. In Persian
  3. Karimian R, Karimian M, Hadipour M, Heyat F, Janbozorgi A. The Prevalence of Children’s Postural Abnormalities and Its Association with Sport Activity. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences. 2016, 6: 106-112. In Persian http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22285105.2016.6.1.14.6
  4. Saneh A. A comparison between guidance school girls and boys on the prevalence of the upper organs’postural abnormalities. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations. 2009, 139-144. In Persian
  5. Baliad MR, MajidAv H, Ahadi H. Comparison of social and cognitive development of 5-7 year old children based on parenting styles. Journal of psychologicalscience. 2020, 18(84), 2279-2284. In Persian 1001.1.17357462.1398.18.84.12.9
  6. Rahmani J, Abedi MR. Normalization of colored Raven test for children 5 to 10 years old in Isfahan province. Journal of Doctrine Quarterly. 2009, 23: 81-86. In Persian
  7. Hamedi S, Abdoli B, Farsi AR. The effect of metacognitive strategies and observation of skilled model on soccer chip task learning. J Cognitive Psychology, 2018, 6 (1): 21-30. In Persian
Sports Psychology
Volume 15, Issue 2
2023
Pages 125-136

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 16 April 2022
  • Revise Date: 17 June 2022
  • Accept Date: 02 July 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics