Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and Cognitive Flexibility in Young Adults with Forward Head and Rounded Shoulders Abnormalities

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Sports Sciences, Payame noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 MSc, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

3 Ph.D. Faculty of Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on symptoms of depression, anxiety, cognitive flexibility in young adults with forward head and rounded shoulders abnormalities.
Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental design. Thirty individuals with forward head and rounded shoulder abnormalities were selected through purposive sampling and randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each comprising 15 patients. Standard questionnaires, such as the Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and the cognitive flexibility questionnaire (Dennis and Vander, 2009), were used to assess the research variables. The photogrammetric method was used to measure the angle of the forward head and rounded shoulder. The reliability of the Anxiety and Stress Scale and cognitive flexibility questionnaires was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, resulting in values of 0.93 and 0.90, respectively. Participants in the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy group attended 120-minute sessions once a week for a total of 8 sessions. Data analysis was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk Test, paired t-test, multivariate covariance analysis, and effect size (P<0.05).
Results: The results of the paired t-test indicated a significant decrease in depression (P=0.001) and anxiety (P=0.001), as well as an improvement in cognitive flexibility after applying the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy protocol compared to the pre-test.
Conclusion: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can improve depression, anxiety, and cognitive flexibility in individuals with forward head and rounded shoulders abnormalities.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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Sports Psychology
Volume 16, Issue 2
2024
Pages 1-15

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