مقایسه انگیختگی، اضطراب حالتی رقابتی و اعتماد بنفس کمانداران ماهر و حرفه‌ای بر اساس جنسیت و نوع کمان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی ورزشی- دانشکده تربیت بدنی- دانشگاه تهران

2 استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه الزهرا(س)

3 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف: هدف اصلی این پژوهش مقایسة انگیختگی، اضطراب حالتی رقابتی و اعتماد بنفس کمانداران ماهر و حرفه ای به تفکیک جنسیت و نوع کمان (کامپاند و ریکرو) بود.
روش‌ها: نمونه آماری این پژوهش شامل 64 کماندار حرفه‌ای (میانگین سنی 34/29 سال) و 77 کماندار ماهر (میانگین سنی 58/22 سال) در لیگ برتر، در رشتة کامپاند و ریکرو بود که بصورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. انگیختگی و اضطراب شناختی افراد با جدول عواطف ورزشی بازنگری­ شده و اضطراب جسمانی و اعتمادبنفس با پرسش­نامة اضطراب حالتی رقابتی-2 اندازه­گیری شد. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها، به دلیل توزیع غیر طبیعی داده ها، از آزمون آماریِ ناپارامتریکِ یومن-ویتنی،استفاده گردید.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد انگیختگی و اعتمادبنفس مردان حرفه­ای و ماهر بطور معناداری از زنان ماهر بیشتر بود. اضطراب شناختی و جسمانی زنان و مردان حرفه­ای تفاوت معناداری نداشت. اما اضطراب شناختی زنان ماهر بطور معناداری از مردان ماهر بیشتر بود. در مقایسة افراد حرفه­ای و ماهر مشاهده شد در رشتة کامپاند و ریکرو اعتمادبنفس کمانداران حرفه­ای بطور معناداری از ماهر بیشتر بود و در رشته کامپاند اضطراب جسمانی کمانداران ماهر بالاتر از حرفه ای بود. اما انگیختگی و اضطراب شناختی افراد ماهر و حرفه ای در دو رشته تفاوت معناداری نداشتند.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاضر بر اهمیت تفاوت‌های روان شناختی بین ورزشکاران از لحاظ جنسیت، نوع و سطح مهارت تأکید می نماید. بنابراین روانشناسان و مربیان تیر اندازی با کمان همواره باید اینگونه تفاوت‌ها را در جلسات تمرینی و مسابقات مدّ نظر قرار دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Arousal, Competitive Anxiety, and Self-Confidence of Skilled and Professional Archers based on Gender and Type of Arch

نویسندگان [English]

  • seyedeh samira hoseini 1
  • maryam abdolshahi 2
  • hasan gharayagh zandi 3
1 tehra university
2 Maryam abdoshahi, assistant professor, department of motor behavior, faculty of sport science, alzahra university.
3 tehran un.
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare the arousal, self-confidence, and competitive state anxiety among expert and professional archers in separate gender and type of arch (Compound and Recurve).
Methods: A total of 64 professional archers and 77 expert archers were selected purposefully in the Compound and Recurve. Arousal and cognitive anxiety of individuals were measured by Revised Sports Grid, and somatic anxiety and self-confidence were measured by competitive state anxiety inventory-2. To analyze the data and to compare the studied variables between two independent groups of two sexes or between two groups of athletes (Compound and Recurve) at two expert and professional levels, Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test was used.
Results: The results showed that the arousal and self-confidence of professional and expert men were significantly higher than women. In Comparison of the psychological variables among archers based on two expert and professional skill levels it was observed that the self-confidence of professional archers was significantly more than experts. Also, in the Recurve field, three other variables were not different between the expert and professional skill archer.
Conclusion: It is concluded that some psychological variables are different in archery sports depending on gender, level, and type of skill.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • State Anxiety
  • Psychological Variables
  • Archery
  • Skilled and Professional Athletes

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روانشناسی ورزش
دوره 14، شماره 2
1401
صفحه 164-149

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 شهریور 1399

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