تاثیر عوامل روان شناختی بر انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی کودکان: نقش تعدیل کننده شاخص توده بدنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد سلماس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سلماس، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: هدف مطالعه حاضر مطالعه تاثیر عوامل روان شناختی بر انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی کودکان با نقش تعدیل کننده شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) بود.
روش ها: بدین منظور تعداد 300 کودک (79/0±9/10 سال، قد 05/0±43/1 متر، وزن 6/5±99/39 کیلوگرم) به صورت داوطلبانه و با رضایت والدین انتخاب شدند و میزان شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) با استفاده از سنجش قد و وزن محاسبه شد، سپس، پرسشنامه های انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی گیل و همکاران (1983)، خودکارآمدی کودکان و نوجوانان موریس (2001)، شایستگی حرکتی ادراک شده کودکان، حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده توسط آنها تکمیل و جمع آوری شد. به منظور تحلیل داده های پژوهش حاضر از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و روش معادلات ساختاری – تحلیل مسیر با استفاده از نرم افزار PLS استفاده شد.
یافته ها:  نتایج نشان داد که حمایت اجتماعی, خودکارآمدی و شایستگی ادراک شده تأثیری مثبت و معناداری بر انگیزش مشارکت ورزشی دارند و شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) به عنوان متغیر تعدیل کننده نقش معنی داری در ارتباط بین حمایت اجتماعی, خودکارآمدی و شایستگی ادراک شده با انگیزه مشارک ورزشی کودکان داشت.
نتیجه گیری:  به نظر می رسد که خودکارآمدی و حمایت اجتماعی در کودکان با BMI  بالا نسبت به BMI پایین اثر بیشتری بر انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی دارند و  شایستگی حرکتی ادراک شده در کودکان با BMI  پایین نسبت به BMI بالا اثر بیشتری بر انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی دارند بنابراین، لازم است که BMI و فاکتورهای روان شناختی مؤثر بر انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی کودکان مورد توجه مسئولان و متخصصان امر قرار گیرد تا بتوان مشارکت ورزشی کودکان را بهبود بخشید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Psychological Factors on Children’s Motivation for Sport Participation: the Moderator Role of Body Mass Index (BMI)

نویسنده [English]

  • Mansour khalilzadeh Kouchameshki
Assistant Prof, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Salmas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Salmas, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the effect of psychological factors on children's motivation to participate in sports, with the moderating role of body mass index (BMI).
Methods: To achieve this, 300 children (average age 10.9±0.79, height 1.43±0.05 m, weight 39.99±5.6 kg) volunteered with parental consent. BMI was calculated using height and weight measurements. Gill et al.'s sports participation motivation questionnaires (1983), Morris children and adolescents' self-efficacy (2001), children's perceived motor competence, and social support were collected. The data was analyzed using the structural equation method in PLS software.
Results: The results of the research indicated that social support, self-efficacy, and perceived competence had a positive and significant impact on children's motivation to participate in sports. BMI as a moderating variable played a significant role in the relationship between social support, self-efficacy, perceived competence, and children's sports participation motivation.
Conclusion: It appears that self-efficacy and social support have a greater influence on the motivation to participate in sports for children with high BMI compared to those with low BMI. Perceived motor competence has a greater impact on the motivation to participate in sports for children with low BMI compared to those with high BMI. Officials and experts should take into consideration BMI and psychological factors that affect children's sports participation motivation in order to enhance their participation in sports.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Self-Efficacy
  • Competence and Social Support
  • Sports Participation Motivation
  • Children
  • Body Mass Index

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روانشناسی ورزش
دوره 15، شماره 2
1402
صفحه 194-206

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 فروردین 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 آذر 1400

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